Development of the English novel during the 18th century.

Write a note on the development of the English novel during the 18th century.

Answer:-Before 1700 novel did not exist in a literary form, then Denial Defoe who is considered as the father of English novel, made novel came to existence through his novel Robinson Crusoe. The early 18^th century is the rich following of the modern novel and a number of factors contributed to the development of the novel during the 18^th century. By the time of the restoration English, the drama had grown unnatural artificial and immortal. It had lost its appeal by the 18^th century. Some other form of entertainment was headed to take its place and novel made the way for it.
Role of the periodical in the development of novel:-The periodical press played an important role in bringing about the novel. The periodical press served to fashion arose style suitable for the novel. The novel requires an everyday flexible prose style and this was fashioned by Addison and Steel along with other through periodicals.
The newspaper and the periodicals encouraged a rapid, inattentive and almost unconscious kind of reading habit and there was a widespread belief that proper reading primary aim at improvement. “The coverlet Papers” combined improvement with entertainment these two features embroidered in the novel later. It was owing to this convention that Richardson and Fielding both professed to improve as well as to entertain. Thus, the periodical essays paved the way for the emerged of the novel.
The role of traveling or circulating libraries:- Another reason for the development of the novel what is comparative cheapness, novels were reading in the medium price range and could be purchased even by those who couldn't afford the much ranger and costlier heroine romance of the 17th century. The Traveling or circulating libraries well rapidly increasing in number and popularity did/ held much to bring the novel within the reach of every section of society.
A new class of readers:- In the early 18 century, there was a considerable expansion of the reading public with the result that the prosperous middle class consisting of traders and manufacturers came to occupy a dominant passion. This new reading class had no high literary and Critical standards. it's simply wanted to read itself, about its one thought, motives and struggles. In short, it found it’s own life reflected in it. Moreover, it didn't have leisure enough for the lengthy romances of the 17th century. Increased leisure .another factor which favored the Rise of the novel Women of the upper middle classes could partake in few of the activities of the menfolk as a result of this, enforced leisure most of them were driven on literature.
The rise of the publishers:-Just as there was a change in the reading public, so also there was a change in the patrons of literature. By the beginning  18th century the bookseller, the equivalent of the modern publishers achieved a financial standing and the social status and literary importance which they had never enjoyed before. The bookseller where the new patron of literature and the writers were no longer obliged to satisfy the standards and taste of the literary Elite.
Thus the decline of the drama and the heroine romance as the formation of a suitable medium of expression, the Rise of the periodical essay, emergence of anew reading public and a new class of patrons called the bookseller, the increased leisure enjoyed by certain section of society and a general disregard of high literary standards favored the Rise of the novel in the first half of 18th century.
Printing was another crucial factor that contributed to the Rise of the English novel. The modern novel was the child of the printing press, which alone can produce vast numbers of copies needed to satisfy literature Publication.
However, apart from the above-mentioned factors, the writes made a landmark contribution to the development of the novel during the 18 century. Some writers of that century; Richardson’s  Pamela(1740), Fielding’s Tome Jones(1749), another important novel of that time The vicar of Wakefield(1761-62) by Oliver Goldsmith. and many other novelists of that time made their contribution to the development/ rise of the English novel